Powdered infant formula and fatal infection with Enterobacter sakazakii.

Enterobacter sakazakii infections associated with the use of powdered infant formula--Tennessee, 2001.

Enterobacter sakazakii, a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, is a rare cause of invasive infection with high death rates in neonates. This report summarizes the investigation of a fatal infection associated with E. sakazakii in a hospitalized neonate, which indicated that the infection was associated with the presence of the organism in commercial powdered formula fed to the infant. The impli...

Overview of a Risk Assessment Model for Enterobacter sakazakii in Powdered Infant Formula

Enterobacter sakazakii invasion in human intestinal Caco-2 cells requires the host cell cytoskeleton and is enhanced by disruption of tight junction.

Enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes systemic bacteremia and meningitis with high mortality, and powdered infant formula is a frequent source of this bacterium. However, the mechanisms that this organism uses to invade and translocate through the intestinal barrier are unknown. Using Caco-2 epithelial cells, we were able to demonstrate penetration of E. sakazakii and ...

Invasive Enterobacter sakazakii Disease in Infants

Enterobacter sakazakii kills 40%-80% of infected infants and has been associated with powdered formula. We analyzed 46 cases of invasive infant E. sakazakii infection to define risk factors and guide prevention and treatment. Twelve infants had bacteremia, 33 had meningitis, and 1 had a urinary tract infection. Compared with infants with isolated bacteremia, infants with meningitis had greater ...

My 40-Year History with Cronobacter/Enterobacter sakazakii – Lessons Learned, Myths Debunked, and Recommendations

Much has been learned about organism in the Cronobacter/Enterobacter sakazakii complex since I first named and described Enterobacter sakazakii in 1980. However, there are still wide knowledge gaps. One of the most serious is that are still many uncertainties associated with assessing the public health risk posed by these bacteria, particularly in neonatal meningitis. Over the last few decades,...